Điều kiện: \(x\ge2012;y\ge2013;z\ge2014\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy, ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2012}-1}{x-2012}=\dfrac{\sqrt{4\left(x-2012\right)}-2}{2\left(x-2012\right)}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{4+x-2012}{2}-2}{2\left(x-2012\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\\\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2013}-1}{y-2013}=\dfrac{\sqrt{4\left(y-2013\right)}-2}{2\left(y-2013\right)}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{4+y-2013}{2}-2}{2\left(y-2013\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\\\dfrac{\sqrt{z-2014}-1}{z-2014}=\dfrac{\sqrt{4\left(z-2014\right)}-2}{2\left(z-2014\right)}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{4+z-2014}{2}-2}{2\left(z-2014\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Cộng vế theo vế, ta được:

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2012}-1}{x-2012}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2013}-1}{y-2013}+\dfrac{\sqrt{z-2014}-1}{z-2014}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=2016;y=2017;z=2018\)

Vậy....

`(x-1)/2013+(x-2)/2012+(x-3)/2011=(x-4)/2010+(x-5)/2009 +(x-6)/2008`

`<=> ((x-1)/2013-1)+((x-2)/2012-1)+((x-3)/2011-1)=( (x-4)/2010-1)+((x-5)/2009-1)+((x-6)/2008-1)`

`<=> (x-2014)/2013 +(x-2014)/2012+(x-2014)/2011=(x-2014)/2010+(x-2014)/2009+(x-2014)/2008`

`<=> x-2014=0` (Vì `1/2013+1/2012+1/2011-1/2010-1/2009-1/2008 \ne 0`)

`<=>x=2014`

Vậy `S={2014}`.

=>x-2014=0

hay x=2014

\(\dfrac{x-1}{2013}-1+\dfrac{x-2}{2012}-1+\dfrac{x-3}{2011}-1=\dfrac{x-4}{2019}-1+\dfrac{x-5}{2010}-1+\dfrac{x-6}{2008}-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-2014}{2013}+\dfrac{x-2014}{2012}+\dfrac{x-2014}{2011}-\dfrac{x-2014}{2010}-\dfrac{x-2014}{2009}-\dfrac{x-2014}{2008}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2014\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2013}+\dfrac{1}{2012}+\dfrac{1}{2011}-\dfrac{1}{2010}-\dfrac{1}{2009}-\dfrac{1}{2008}\ne0\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=2014\)

\(\dfrac{x-1}{2013}+\dfrac{x-2}{2012}+\dfrac{x-3}{2011}=\dfrac{x-4}{2010}+\dfrac{x-5}{2009}+\dfrac{x-6}{2008}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x-1}{2013}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x-2}{2012}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x-3}{2011}-1\right)=\left(\dfrac{x-4}{2010}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x-5}{2009}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x-6}{2008}-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-2014}{2013}+\dfrac{x-2014}{2012}+\dfrac{x-2014}{2011}=\dfrac{x-2014}{2010}+\dfrac{x-2014}{2009}+\dfrac{x-2014}{2008}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-2014}{2013}+\dfrac{x-2014}{2012}+\dfrac{x-2014}{2011}-\dfrac{x-2014}{2010}-\dfrac{x-2014}{2009}-\dfrac{x-2014}{2008}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2014\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2013}+\dfrac{1}{2012}+\dfrac{1}{2011}-\dfrac{1}{2010}-\dfrac{1}{2009}-\dfrac{1}{2008}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2014\right).A=0\)

\(\text{Vì A }\ne0\)

\(\Rightarrow x-2014=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=2014\)

\(\text{Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm là }S=\left\{2014\right\}\)

a: \(\Leftrightarrow x+2016=0\)

hay x=-2016

b: \(\Leftrightarrow x-100=0\)

hay x=100

\(\dfrac{x}{2012}+\dfrac{x+1}{2013}+\dfrac{x+2}{2014}+\dfrac{x+3}{2015}+\dfrac{x+4}{2016}=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{2012}+\dfrac{x+1}{2013}+\dfrac{x+2}{2014}+\dfrac{x+3}{2015}+\dfrac{x+4}{2016}-5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{2012}-1+\dfrac{x+1}{2013}-1+\dfrac{x+2}{2014}-1+\dfrac{x+3}{2015}+\dfrac{x+4}{2016}-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-2012}{2012}+\dfrac{x-2012}{2013}+\dfrac{x-2012}{2014}+\dfrac{x-2012}{2015}+\dfrac{x-2012}{2016}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-12\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{2012}+\dfrac{1}{2013}+\dfrac{1}{2014}+\dfrac{1}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=12\)

a/ Đặt \(x^2+x+1=a\Rightarrow x^2+x+2=a+1\)

Pt trở thành \(a\left(a+1\right)-12=0\Leftrightarrow a^2+a-12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-3a+4a-12=0\Leftrightarrow a\left(a-3\right)+4\left(a-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-3\right)\left(a+4\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\a=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x+1=3\\x^2+x+1=-4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x-2=0\\x^2+x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{19}{4}=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

2/ \(\dfrac{x+1}{2014}+1+\dfrac{x+2}{2013}+1=\dfrac{x+3}{2012}+1+\dfrac{x+4}{2011}+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+2015}{2014}+\dfrac{x+2015}{2013}=\dfrac{x+2015}{2012}+\dfrac{x+2015}{2011}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2015\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2014}+\dfrac{1}{2013}-\dfrac{1}{2012}-\dfrac{1}{2011}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+2015=0\) (do \(\dfrac{1}{2014}+\dfrac{1}{2013}-\dfrac{1}{2012}-\dfrac{1}{2011}\ne0\))

\(\Rightarrow x=-2015\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2010}+\frac{x+1}{2011}+\frac{x+2}{2012}+\frac{x+3}{2013}+\frac{x+4}{2014}-5=0\)

\(\left(\frac{x}{2010}-1\right)+\left(\frac{x+1}{2011}-1\right)+\left(\frac{x+2}{2012}-1\right)\)\(+\left(\frac{x+3}{2013}-1\right)+\left(\frac{x+4}{2014}-1\right)=0\)

\(\frac{x-2010}{2010}+\frac{x-2010}{2011}+\frac{x-2010}{2012}+\frac{x-2010}{2013}+\frac{x-2010}{2014}=0\)

\(\left(x-2010\right).\left(\frac{1}{2010}+\frac{1}{2011}+\frac{1}{2012}+\frac{1}{2013}+\frac{1}{2014}\right)=0\)

mà \(\frac{1}{2010}+\frac{1}{2011}+\frac{1}{2012}+\frac{1}{2013}+\frac{1}{2014}\ne0\Rightarrow x+2010=0\Rightarrow x=-2010\)

Vậy x=-2010